AI Risk Wire

Cases › copyright or IP violation › LR-2026-0321

ChatGPT-written Game of Thrones fanfic prompts George R.R. Martin lawsuit

Preliminary Why: Publisher not yet named · subject to change

Developing: a major or severe case captured in the last 72 hours. Later changes are logged on the corrections page.

Status: no action reported

Severity major
Reported 12 Nov 2025
Developer and model OpenAI · ChatGPT

No source states: loss or records, agent tool, could do, deployer, industry.

Severity major: test met: many third parties, since the sentence names six other authors whose claims are consolidated with Martin's, which is a count of two or more affected parties.

A ChatGPT system developed by OpenAI produced outlines of sequels to Game of Thrones, according to a lawsuit by George R.R. Martin and other authors alleging copyright infringement. The complaint alleges OpenAI used their works to train its large language models, generated infringing outputs, and torrented books from illegal shadow libraries. In an October 27, 2025 ruling, U.S. District Judge Sidney Stein denied OpenAI's argument that the outputs were transformative, finding them substantially similar to the plaintiffs' works. The judge also allowed the piracy claim to proceed. The decision did not address fair use. Plaintiffs had earlier secured internal Slack messages in which OpenAI discussed deleting datasets of pirated books.

What happened

1 · What it was doingChatGPT allegedly produced outlines of sequels to Game of Thrones without the author's consent.
2 · What went wrongPlaintiffs allege the training used their works, the outputs infringed their copyrights, and pirated books were torrented.
3 · How it was caughtPlaintiffs secured internal Slack messages in which OpenAI discussed deleting datasets of pirated books.

What was done

No source states an action or fix.

Risks

Read from the sources; not yet reviewed by a person.

Controls

Not yet read for controls. Controls that mitigate the primary risk:

Model

Copyright safeguards · Marking machine-made output

Application

Output filtering and redaction

Similar incidents

All cases of this kind ›

Evidence

No source states: what it reached or did, when it happened, when it was found, how many records were exposed, the direct loss, a count of the other parties affected, any court case, the cause, what set it off, what was done.

Show the full account: 4 items from the primary sources

What happened, in order

  1. 2025-10 A New York federal judge denied OpenAI's request to dismiss the copyright accusations over Game of Thrones sequel outlines.
  2. 2025-10-27 Judge Sidney Stein denied OpenAI's claim that the outputs were transformative.

Not dated in the sources:

  • Plaintiffs secured internal Slack messages a few weeks before the ruling.
  • The judge allowed the piracy charge against OpenAI to proceed.
Show every field, with its source and grade

The AI system

Model
ChatGPT
C one secondary source states it
Developer
OpenAI
C one secondary source states it

What happened

Earliest source we hold
2025-11-12
D inferred by us from the described behaviour, reason shown
What went wrong
copyright or IP violation
C one secondary source states it
primary risk
RK17
D inferred by us from the described behaviour, reason shown

Impact

Severity
major
D inferred by us from the described behaviour, reason shown
Why this severity
test met: many third parties, since the sentence names six other authors whose claims are consolidated with Martin's, which is a count of two or more affected parties.
D inferred by us from the described behaviour, reason shown

Notes on gaps

No remediation is reported. Other cases and events in the article (Anthropic, Meta, news organisations, Ross Intelligence, Character.AI) were excluded as not part of this incident.

LR-2026-0321 · version 1 · published 2026-11-01 after automatic checks; not yet checked field by field by a person · JSON